Acid-Base Chemistry

Acids and Bases - 3 Definitions

Arrhenius Definition

Bronsted-Lowry Definition

Lewis Definition

Acid and Base Strength

Not All Mineral Acids are Strong!

Polyprotic Acids

Strong Acids

Weak Acids

Strong Bases

Weak Bases

Scheme for Identification of Acids and Bases

Practice

Conjugates

Example:

Problem

Amphoterism

Dissociation Constants for Weak Acids and Bases

Question

Conjugate Acid-Base Strength

Problem

Problem:

Conjugate Acid-Base Strength

Salts

Identification of Salts

Identification of Salts

Identification of Salts

Examples:

Homework Problem #1:

The Autoionization of Water

Kw DOES vary with Temperature

The Relationship between [H+] and [OH-]

The pH Scale

A Brief Review of LOG Math

A Brief Review of LOG Math

The pOH scale

How is pH related to pOH?

The pH of Some Common Substances

Aspirin and Ibuprofen

Orange Juice

Toothpaste

The Relationship between pH and pOH

Acidic Solution

Basic Solution

pKa and pKb

Conjugate Acid-Base Strength

pKa , pKb, and Weak Acid/ Base Strength

Question

Strong Acids and Strong Bases

Problem:

Homework Problem #1:

Problem:

Weak Acids and Bases

Weak Acids (Table A)

Weak Acids

Acid-Base Strength

Reminder: Weak Acids

Calculating the pH of Weak Acids

Problem:

Weak Bases

Problem

Salts

Salts of Strong Acids and Bases

Salts of Weak Acids

Salts of Weak Acids

Question:

Salts of Weak Bases

Salts of Weak Bases

Salts of Weak Acids and Weak Bases

Homework Problem #2

Problem:

Buffers

Examples:

Problem:

Henderson Hasselbalch Equation

Problem:

Question:

Problem:

Buffers - Effect of Dilution

Buffers - Effect of Temperature

Comparison - Effect of Addition of SMALL Amount of Strong Acid or Base

Preparing Buffers - Useful References

Practical Preparation

Special Types of Buffers

GOOD Buffers

GOOD Buffers

Desirable Characteristics of GOOD Buffers

Volatile Buffers

Volatile Buffers

Universal Buffers

Amino Acids

Titrimetry

Terminology

Typical Experimental Methodology - Weak Acid

Indicators

Indicators

Titration of a Weak Acid

Titration of Weak Acid

Identification of Weak Acid

Titration of a Weak Base

Titration of Weak Base